Social Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Relations - Essay Example Many people tend to be aggressive for one reason or another. The result of one's character is highly characterized by roles one plays, and mutual interactions of motivation and the motion which lies at the heart of autonomy adaptation and social interaction in both biological and artificial agents (Kenny D, 1994). They also have a powerful and wide range in influence on many aspects of cognition and action even though one's role is often considered complimentary. This is concerned by external and internal factors involved in the establishment of one's behaviour where emotion is the core determiner of behaviour among the critical factors (Kenny D, 1994). Within societies, an individual learns not only on his own but also through interaction with other people surrounding him/her. This brings about the issue of social intelligence an essential tool in communication through conservations (Brown J, 1991). Social aggregation has a strong genetic basis where it is mainly as a result of environmental influences (Brown J, 1991). Specifically, teachers and peers indicate an extent to which a participating child exhibits social aggressive behaviors, such as trying to make others hate one another or the degree of influence to make others like one another, or saying bad things and spreading nasty rumours (Brown J, 1991). Empirical evidence for an effect of workplace psychological control on an individual is sometimes not visible but studies have shown that negative parenting behaviours such as lack of responsiveness and coercion are linked to one's ego (Perloff R, 2003). People who have socially aggressive friends tend to be aggressive themselves (Perloff R, 2003). This contributes to much social stratification where people tend to group themselves in terms of character and behaviour. This makes them share a habit in common. For workers today, the stress associated with trying to blend the responsibilities of paid work with responsibilities of family and personal life has become an increasingly visible issue (Perloff R, 2003). This is because more and more workers continue reporting on how their lives have become frenzy as they struggle with the unrelenting demands of work and personality (Perloff R, 2003). The significance of being free of bias brings about independence freedom of thought and democracy, where one is not intimidated (Kenny D, 1994). It creates integrative minds, where a person acts without being told, and thinks that he is right (Kenny D, 1994). There is an increasing demand for those who practice initiative because the reward is two fold, one it helps one improve his financial status and also develops strength in his/her personal attributes. In conclusion, social psychology principles plays a critical component in enabling individuals interact, as well as personal relationship. It creates the spirit of mutual interrelationship between people whereby, the participants share information, therefore enhancing clear understanding of our surroundings. Reference Brown, J. David. (1991). "Preprofessional Socialization and Identity Transformation: The Case of the Professional Experience". Journal of Contemporary Ethnography Perloff, R. M. (2003).

Introduction to the Rajputs Essay Example for Free

Introduction to the Rajputs Essay A Rajput is a member of one of the landowning patrilineal clans of central and northern India. Rajputs consider themselves descendants of one of the major ruling warrior groups of the Hindu Kshatriya varna ( social order ) in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India. The Rajputs rose to prominence during the 6th to 12th centuries, and until the 20th century Rajputs ruled in the â€Å"overwhelming majority† of the princely states of Rajasthan and Saurashtra, where the largest number of princely states were found. They are divided into three major lineages. The Rajput empire spread in many countries: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, India, Southeast Asia and some parts of Tibet. The four Agnivanshi clans namely the Pariharas (Pratihara), Solankis (Chalukya dynasty) Paramaras and Chahamanas rose to prominence first, establishing territories and creating kingdoms. The Rajputs were mainly feudal lords under the over-lordship of the rulers belonging to Pratiharas – a dynasty that ruled until the 10th century. Gradually, they attained the status of independent rulers. Their dominion spread over most parts of north India. In the north-west region known as Rajputana, which comprises the present day Rajasthan and parts of Pakistan. The Rajput community comprised of the Chauhans of East Punjab, Northern Rajasthan and Delhi, the Rathores of Uttar Pradesh, the Paramaras of Central India and the Tomars of Gwalior and later, Delhi. Of these the Chauhans and the Rathores were dominant clans. The Rajput though brave and chivalrous often succumbed to inter-clan rivalries, which proved advantageous for the Muslim rulers during the medieval period. The Rajputs being a dominant Hindu clan offered heavy resistance to the Muslim rulers who spread their rule over India during the medieval period. The Rajput princes maintained their own independent princely kingdoms. Some of the brave Rajput rulers who have been made their names eternal in Indian history are Prithviraj Chauhan, Rana Kumbha, Rana Sangram Singh, Rana Udai Singh and Maharana Pratap. Prithviraj Chauhan proved to be the last Rajput ruler of Delhi. The Chauhans, led by Govinda, grandson of Prithviraj, later established a small state centered around Rathambore in present-day Rajasthan. The Rajput lifestyle was designed to foster a martial spirit, with men even forging a bond with their sword. The double-edged scimitar known as the khanda was a popular weapon among the Rajputs of that era. On special occasions, primary chief would break up a meeting of his vassal chiefs with khanda nariyal, the distribution of daggers and coconuts. Many Rajputs are nostalgic about their past and keenly conscious of their genealogy, emphasizing a Rajput ethos that is martial in spirit, with a fierce pride in lineage and tradition. The Rajput rulers had a keen sense of beauty in art and architecture which is seen in the artistic excellence of their temples, forts and palaces. The Indo-Aryan style of architecture developed in North India and Upper Deccan and the Dravidian style in South India during the Rajput period. Both sculpture and architecture attained a high degree of excellence. e.g. The Rathas of Mahabalipuram or Mammallapuram, the Kailash temple at Ellora and the sculpture of Elephanta belonging to the early Rajput period ( 600 Ad to 900 AD ) The temple architecture of Orissa, Khajuraho, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and the Pallava, Chola and Hoysala temples in the South belong to the later Rajput period. ( 900 AD to 1200 AD )

Great Expectations - A Cinderella Story Essay example -- Great Expect

Great Expectations - A Cinderella Story In the profound novel, Great Expectations, written by Charles Dickens, the main character "Pip" is put through many tests that examine the type of man Pip strives to be and the type of man Pip really is. Pip's relationships with two central characters, Tom and Magwitch, are examined closely in this essay, and through these relationships, Pip's character is visible. Great Expectations is, in a sense, a Cinderella story in which Pip's fairy godmother turns out to be a convict running from the law. This "amulet" gives Pip a gift that changes Pip and his life. In the beginning of the novel, Pip is a young boy that lives in an inhospitable home with his older sister and her husband. Although Pip's relationship with his sister is unkind, the relationship Pip develops with her husband is affable. Pip's brother-in-law, Joe, has taken Pip under his wing, and wants to take care of Pip. Critic Christopher Morris writes, "Pip claims to have developed a solicitude for Joe" in the opening of the novel, but later "that claim is everywhere contradicted by his actions." One example that Morris writes of to prove his point is, after Pip learns of the "selfless rational for Joe's acquiescence in Mrs. Joe's government", Pip writes: Young as I was, I believe that I dated a new admiration of Joe from that night. We were equals afterwards, as we has been before: but afterwards, at quiet times when I sat looking at Joe and thinking about him, I had a new sensation of feeling conscious that I was looking up to Joe in my heart. (7, 52)3 Morris* points out the fact, that throughout the novel, this is the only time Pip will regard Joe as his equal. In chapter VIII, Pip is offere... ...ip as a very low person. Later, when Pip began to except Magwhich, he was able to shut the ideas of the man's past out. Their relationship became that of a very strong friendship because they did see each other's faults but chose to ignore them. When a friendship is composed, the two parties have an unspoken agreement to except any flaws the other has. This is much more meaningful than love, because the human will is involved. The outcome of love may seem more important, but there is always the chance a lover will regain their true sight and not be able to accept your faults. In the case of friendship, there is a bond because the other is all ready at ease with your faults, and your bond can only become stronger. * In an article written by Christopher D. Morris, the actions and moral bad faith that the central character, Pip, exhibits are examined.

Teaching Philosophy Statement :: Philosophy Education Essays

Teaching Philosophy Statement My philosophy of education draws on a number of theoretical frameworks. However, the key component is the individual, more specifically, the child. Each of us - each child - is different and unique, even though we reflect a socially constructed view of the world. The tension between difference and shared construction can be conceived of as a result of each individual’s experiences. Such experiences are a result of living in a social world and are different from those experienced by others. In addition, the way in which each individual incorporates these experiences into his or her overall understandings, through making relationships or making meaningful connections, results in uniqueness. In general, I see teaching and learning occurring in a classroom community based on providing opportunities for students to develop the skills and understandings necessary (a) to function effectively in a democracy, (b) to conduct inquiry, (c) to individually and socially negotiate and construct meaningful understandings, (d) to critically examine the relevance of particular modes of inquiry and particular knowledge claims for the specific context in which they are working, and (e) to develop complex understandings both within and across disciplinary boundaries. Point â€Å"d† refers to finding the middle ground between the unrestricted relativism of some postmodernist critiques and the positivism that has marked our previous approaches to learning and teaching. My entire philosophy and approach to teaching and learning science is elaborated upon in my book from Irwin Publishing: Creating a Classroom Community of Young Scientists: A Desktop Companion. With this scenario as the basis, I see education as a process of constructing complex, meaningful understandings. The essential ingredient in this process is providing opportunities for children to understand relationships. All too often in schooling, we teach children what some "thing" is without seeing how that "thing" is related to other things. The patterns of how "things" are connected needs to be the primary focus. For instance, in science we may teach children that a sparrow is a bird and that birds have certain characteristics. However, this view is essentially devoid of context and meaning. Alternatively, we can look at how birds are related to other organisms in their structure, actions, and so forth (i.e., homology, analogy, evolution, etc.). We can help children connect their ideas about and personal experiences with birds to math, poetry, art, music, and other disciplines. The potential richness of meaning needs to be the focus.

History of Psychology Essay

Despite being an old field of study, psychology is said to have a brief history (Klemm, 2008). Scanning through the history of psychology presents a complexity due to the changing philosophical views characteristic of early psychologists. The evolution of psychology to formal discipline is relatively a new move dating back to the 19th century. In the Western tradition in particular, the late 19th century psychologist greatly influence to psychology as a discipline and laid down the basis for development of the science of psychology. Development of modern psychology The field of medicine and physiology seemed to have paved way for the later development of psychology as a discipline. The works of physicians such as Acmaeon of Croton who had a Pythagorean philosophy related the brain as the center where thought and perception are processed. Acmaeon postulated that every sense organ is has connections to the brain. During 460 BC, Hippocrates came into the scene and disapproved that epilepsy was a demonic possession and instead related this to be a brain pathology inherited along the family line. Such research reflected on the brain as a cause of certain behaviors but there were no empirical studies to prove this (Boeree, 2010). Psychology at this time was therefore not clearly defined as a discipline until mid to late 1800s. In the late 17th century, psychology was gaining popularity in the West and this was to become the beginning of modern psychology which has a scientific perspective. The first psychology laboratory was established in 1875 by Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig, Germany. This was the establishment that founded psychology as a modern scientific discipline paving way for the development of psychology as a scientific discipline. Wundt upheld that the physical and mental aspects of human beings were interrelated in that each had its opposite counterpart. As Wundt was setting up his laboratory in Leipzig in 1875, William James was also instituting a similar laboratory at Harvard thus making Wundt and James be regarded as the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt carried out various studies on sensation as well as perception and in 1879 he supervised a graduate student in psychology. Later on in 1881, Wundnt established the Philosophische Studien journal. His establishment of the â€Å"Institute for Experimental Psychology† was a notable step forwards towards enhancing psychology as a discipline (Boeree, 2010, para 34). William James is traced as the first American psychologist having born in New York in 1842. Through interacting with other psychologists such as Wundt while in Germany, James would later return to the U. S. and while teaching physiological psychology at Harvard in 1875, he established a psychology lab. Among the philosophers whom James interacted with at Harvard thus influencing his views on psychology included Charles Peirce and Chauncey Wright. Pierce was of the Kant’s philosophy of truth can never be known whereas Wright upheld the idea that behavior was shaped by beliefs as well as survival for the fittest. James’ publications on psychology in the late 1800s and his rise to a professor of psychology established him more to influence modern psychology. For instance, his 1889 text book on The Principles of Psychology was a good foundation on psychology (Boeree, 2010). Two schools of thought propagated by both Wundt and James were to emerge as the pillars of psychology’s school of thought: structuralism and functionalism. While James propagated functionalism, Wundt mainly influence the structuralism school of thought. The functionalism idea was that consciousness is a dynamically changing aspect of human life. Functionalism was looking into how adaptation to the environment depends on human behavior. As a method of direct observation, functionalism was more appraised in this school of thought. Structuralism which was Wundnt’s school of thought was an introspection method of experimental psychology. Although disregarded for long, structuralism lately came to be respected as an important aspect of modern psychology. Structuralism appraises the breakdown of consciousness into detailed aspects such as perception and sensation. The study of both structuralism and functionalism were then explored further psychologists such as E. B. Titchener who upheld structuralism and John Dewey on the functionalism side. Although experimental psychology in the U. S. became more established in the 20th century through establishment of more labs, the 1883 lab at John Hopkins University by G.  Stanley was also advancement in modern psychology (Boeree, 2010). Conclusion Modern psychology is rooted in many disciplines including physiology and philosophy. In fact fathers of modern psychology had a rich philosophical background out of studying and interacting with philosophy scholars. The influence of Kant’s and Darwin’s ideas no doubt shaped Wilhelm Wundt and William James to develop experimental psychology and later the structuralism and functionalism schools of thought which have affected modern psychology greatly.

The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essays

The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essays The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essay The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essay Essay Topic: The Epic of Gilgamesh The Year Of the Flood Upon reading The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Old Testament: Hebrew Views on God and History we find embedded into each of the texts a story of the great flood.In analyzing the two pieces we see that the stories are very similar.This is very interesting since they were written within several hundred years of each other.The similarities and the differences within the stories shed light on what types of belief systems the ancient Mesopotamian civilizations had as well as giving us an idea of what might have been important to the people. As we look at the two texts, the storyline of both texts is based on the same historically significant event.In each of these stories these aspects are the same.Thefirst is that each man in the stories was contacted by his God/Gods and told that they were angry at mankind.Because of their anger the gods decided that they were going to send a flood to destroy them. These gods, taking pity upon specific men, gave Utnapishtim and Noah instructions to build large boats in which they were to save their families and a male and female of every thing living.Each man obeyed the words of his god, built the boat, covered it in pitch to protect it from the water, filled it with the supplies, and an instance of every living thing. The story goes onto give an account of a terrible storm with torrential rain; which created such a flood that man, plant, and animal kind were destroyed.When the rains had stopped and the sun returned, both boats settled on an underwater mountain top.Utnapishtim and Noah both sent out a series of three birds to help them to know when the waters had receded enough for them to leave the boat.Upon leaving the boat both men offered sacrifices to his god for allowing them to survive.As a reward for their obedience both men were blessed. Although the stories are very similar there are many differences within the story which set each group of peoples apa

Biography of Bonnie and Clyde, Depression-Era Outlaws

Biography of Bonnie and Clyde, Depression-Era Outlaws Bonnie Parker (October 1, 1910–May 23, 1934) and Clyde Barrow (March 24, 1909–May 23, 1934) went on a notorious two-year crime spree during the Great Depression, a time when the American public was hostile toward government. Bonnie and Clyde used that emotion to their advantage: Assuming an image closer to Robin Hoods than to the mass murderers they were, they captured the nations imagination as a romantic young couple on the open road. Fast Facts: Bonnie and Clyde Known For: A notorious two-year crime spreeAlso Known As: Bonnie Parker, Clyde Barrow, the Barrow GangBorn: Bonnie, Oct. 1, 1910 in Rowena, Texas; Clyde, March 24, 1909 in Telico, TexasParents: Bonnie, Henry and Emma Parker; Clyde, Henry and Cummie BarrowDied: May 23, 1934 near Gibsland, Louisiana Early Life: Bonnie Bonnie Parker was born October 1, 1910, in Rowena, Texas, the second of three children to Henry and Emma Parker. The family lived comfortably off her fathers job as a bricklayer, but when he died unexpectedly in 1914, her mother moved the family in with her mother in Cement City, Texas (now part of Dallas). Bonnie Parker was beautiful and was 4-foot-11, 90 pounds. She did well in school and loved writing poetry. Bonnie dropped out of school at 16 and married Roy Thornton. The marriage wasnt happy, and Thornton began spending more time away from home. In 1929, he was charged with robbery and sentenced to five years in prison. They never divorced. While Roy was away, Bonnie worked as a waitress but was unemployed as the Great Depression got started toward the end of 1929. Early Life: Clyde Clyde Barrow was born March 24, 1909, in Telico, Texas, the sixth of eight children to Henry and Cummie Barrow. Clydes parents were tenant farmers, often not making enough money to feed their children. When he was 12, his parents gave up tenant farming and moved to West Dallas, where his father opened a gas station. West Dallas was a rough neighborhood, and Clyde fit right in. He and his older brother Marvin Ivan Buck Barrow were often in trouble with the law for stealing things such as turkeys and cars. Clyde was small, standing 5-foot-7 and weighing 130 pounds. He had two serious girlfriends before he met Bonnie, but he never married. Bonnie and Clyde Meet In January 1930, Bonnie and Clyde met at a mutual friends house. The attraction was instantaneous. A few weeks later, Clyde was sentenced to two years in prison for previous crimes. Bonnie was devastated. On March 11, 1930, Clyde escaped from jail using a gun Bonnie had smuggled in. A week later he was recaptured and sentenced to 14 years in the brutal Eastham Prison Farm near Weldon, Texas. Clyde arrived at Eastham on April 21. Life there was unbearable and he became desperate to get out. Hoping a physical incapacity would earn him a transfer, he asked a fellow prisoner to chop off two of his toes with an ax. It proved unnecessary; he was paroled a week later, on Feb. 2, 1932. He swore he would rather die than return there. Bonnie Becomes a Criminal Leaving prison during the Depression, with jobs scarce, made living in society difficult. Plus, Clyde had little experience holding a job. As soon as his foot healed, he was back to robbing. Bonnie went with him on one of these robberies. The plan was for the Barrow Gang- which included, at different times, Ray Hamilton, W.D. Jones, Buck Barrow, Blanche Barrow, and Henry Methvin, in addition to Bonnie and Clyde- to rob a hardware store. Although she stayed in the car during the robbery, Bonnie was captured and put in the Kaufman, Texas, jail, but she was released for lack of evidence. While Bonnie was in jail, Clyde and Hamilton staged another robbery in April 1932. It was supposed to be easy, but something went wrong and the general stores owner John Bucher was shot and killed. Bonnie now faced a decision: stay with Clyde for life on the run or leave him and start fresh. Bonnie knew Clyde had vowed never to return to prison and that staying with him meant death for both, very soon. Despite this knowledge, Bonnie decided not to leave Clyde, remaining loyal to the end. On the Lam For the next two years, Bonnie and Clyde robbed across Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Louisiana, and  New Mexico. They stayed close to a state border because police then couldnt cross  state boundaries  to follow a criminal. Clyde changed cars frequently by stealing one and changed license plates  more frequently. He studied maps and had an uncanny knowledge of back roads. Police didnt know then that  Bonnie and Clyde  made frequent trips to Dallas to see their families. Bonnie was close to her mother, whom she insisted on seeing every couple of months. Clyde frequently visited his mother and favorite sister Nell, which nearly got them killed several times in police ambushes. Buck and Blanche They had been on the run for a year when Clydes brother Buck was released from prison in March 1933.  Law enforcement wanted them for murder, bank robbery, auto theft, and robbing dozens of grocery stores and gas stations, but they decided to rent an apartment in Joplin, Missouri, for a reunion with Buck and his wife Blanche. After two weeks of chatting, cooking, and playing cards, Clyde noticed two police cars pull up on April 13, 1933. A shootout ensued. After killing one policeman and wounding another, Bonnie, Clyde, Buck, and Jones got to their car and sped away. They picked up Blanche, who had escaped the shooting, nearby. Although they got away, police found a trove of information in the apartment, including rolls of film with the now-famous images of Bonnie and Clyde in various poses holding guns and Bonnies poem  The Story of Suicide Sal,  one of two she wrote on the run. The pictures, the poem, and the getaway increased their fame. They evaded trouble until June 1933, when they had an accident near Wellington, Texas. Clyde realized too late that the bridge ahead had been closed for repairs. He swerved and the car went down an embankment. Clyde and Jones got out safely, but Bonnies leg was burned badly by leaking battery acid, and she never walked properly again. Despite her injuries, they couldnt stop for medical care. Clyde nursed Bonnie with help from Blanche and Billie, Bonnies sister. Ambushes A month later, Bonnie, Clyde, Buck, Blanche, and Jones checked into two cabins at the Red Crown Tavern near Platte City, Missouri. On July 19, 1933, police, tipped by locals, surrounded the cabins. At 11 p.m., a policeman banged on a cabin door. Blanche replied, Just a minute. Let me get dressed, giving Clyde time to pick up his Browning Automatic Rifle and start shooting. While the others took cover, Buck kept shooting and was shot in the head. Clyde gathered everyone, including Buck, for a charge to the garage. As they roared off, police shot out two tires and shattered a window, the shards severely damaging one of Blanches eyes. Clyde drove through the night and the next day, stopping only to change bandages and tires. At Dexter, Iowa, they stopped for rest at the Dexfield Park recreation area, not knowing police had been alerted to their presence by a local farmer who had found bloodied bandages. More than 100 policemen, National Guardsmen, vigilantes, and local farmers surrounded them. On the morning of July 24, Bonnie saw the policemen closing in and screamed. Clyde and Jones picked up their guns and start shooting. Buck, unable to move, kept shooting and was hit several times, Blanche by his side. Clyde hopped into a car but was shot in the arm and crashed into a tree. He, Bonnie, and Jones ran and then swam across a river. Clyde stole another car and drove them away. Buck died a few days later, and Blanche was captured. Clyde had been shot four times and Bonnie had been hit by numerous buckshot pellets. Jones, who was shot in the head, took off and never returned. Last Days After several months of recuperating, Bonnie and Clyde were back out robbing. They had to be careful, realizing that locals might recognize them and turn them in, as had happened in Missouri and Iowa. To avoid scrutiny, they slept in their car at night and drove during the day. In November 1933, Jones was captured and told his story to the police, who learned of the close ties between Bonnie and Clyde and their families. This gave them an idea: By watching their families, police could establish an ambush when Bonnie and Clyde tried to contact them. When an ambush attempt that month endangered their mothers, Clyde became furious. He wanted to retaliate against the lawmen, but his family convinced him this wouldnt be smart. Rather than seek revenge on those who had threatened his family, Clyde focused on the Eastham Prison Farm. In January 1934, they helped Clydes old friend Raymond Hamilton break out. A guard was killed and several prisoners hopped into the getaway car. One of those prisoners was Henry Methvin. After the other convicts went their own ways- including Hamilton, who left after a dispute with Clyde- Methvin stayed on. The crime spree continued, including the brutal murder of two motorcycle cops, but the end was near. Methvin and his family were to play a role in Bonnie and Clydes demise. Final Shootout and Death Realizing how tied to family Bonnie and Clyde were, the police guessed that Bonnie, Clyde, and Henry were on their way to visit Iverson Methvin, Henry Methvins father, in May 1934. When police learned that Henry Methvin had become separated from Bonnie and Clyde on the evening of May 19, they realized this was their chance to set up an ambush. Police assumed they would search for Henry at his fathers farm, so they planned an ambush along the road the outlaws were expected to take. The six lawmen planning the ambush confiscated Iverson Methvins truck and removed one of its tires, then placed it along Highway 154 between Sailes and Gibsland, Louisiana. If Clyde saw Iversons vehicle on the roadside, they figured, he would slow down and investigate. At 9:15 a.m. on May 23, 1934, Clyde spotted Iversons truck. As he slowed down, the officers opened fire. Bonnie and Clyde had little time to react. The police shot  more than 130 bullets at the couple, killing them quickly. When the shooting ended, policemen found that the back of Clydes head had exploded and part of Bonnies right hand had been shot off. Their bodies were taken to Dallas and put on public view. Crowds gathered for a glimpse of the famous pair. Although Bonnie had requested that she be buried with Clyde, they were buried in different cemeteries, according to their families wishes. Legacy Although they created a romantic image- two young lovers running from the big, bad cops, Clydes driving skills, Bonnies poetry, and her beauty- it was tarnished by the truth. Though they often captured police who caught up to them and let them off unharmed hours and hundreds of miles later, they killed 13 people, some bystanders slain during bungled robberies. Because they never got away with much money when they robbed banks, Bonnie and Clyde were desperate criminals, sleeping in the most recently stolen car and constantly fearing death in a hail of bullets from a police ambush. Still, they were the stuff of legend. Sources The Real Bonnie and Clyde: 9 Facts on the Outlawed Duo. Biography.com.10 Things You May Not Know About Bonnie and Clyde. History.com.

Terrorist Essays - Terrorism, Definitions Of Terrorism, Free Essays

Terrorist Essays - Terrorism, Definitions Of Terrorism, Free Essays Terrorist The Good, the Bad, the Terrorist? Terrorism by nature is difficult to define. Acts of terrorism conjure emotional responses in the victims as well as in the practitioners. No two writers agree on what is terrorism. Even the U.S. government cannot agree on one single definition. The old adage, One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter is still alive and well today (Terrorism Research Center: Definitions 1). Although many people believe that terrorism is evil, it is merely misunderstood because there is no set definition. Terrorist are responsible to most of the freedom movements in every country. Terrorist have used violence to get their point across to the public. These acts are often necessary for the success of the movement or cause. The use of this violence can be justified in several ways. You can't make an omelet without breaking some eggs has been used by terrorist to describe their actions. Terrorism has been used by governments and against them. It has been used as part of a campaign by guerrillas who have widespread support and by small groups. Terrorism has been used in societies where grievances can be expressed freely and where free speech is suppressed. In a well organized guerrilla campaign, for example, the main goal might be to destroy the governments military forces. The violence is limited to acts which will achieve that objective. This might be destroying a factory which is making arms, or putting out of action part of the government army, or bombing an airfield so that it cannot be used by government aircraft. In some cases, the use of terrorism appears t o be a reaction to the disintegration of law and order. A stable society has normally evolved peaceful ways of keeping order and handling disputes between its members without violence. Once law and order breaks down, as they do in civil wars, members of society have to defend themselves in different ways. There may be in a situation where government forces are using terrorism and guerrilla forces the same methods in return. Other groups in society start using violence to defend this right and so a climate of terror emerges. What little law and order remains is maintained solely by the strongest groups using fear (Freeman 43). Terrorism has been used by groups of the right in an attempt to uphold the established system. In Northern Ireland Protestant extremist groups have used terrorism against those fighting for a united Ireland. There have been similar groups in Italy and Latin America Fighting for the return to more authoritarian and conservative forms of government. There are many different kinds of terrorism, this makes defining the word difficult. Guerrilla warfare is used in most revolutions and is a form of terrorism, whether it is indiscriminate terrorism (example: the bombing of a public places) or terrorism aimed only upon the government. Terrorism can also be used by a government to control its people. War between countries is a place were terrorism is used immensely in order to strike fear into an enemy (The Encyclopedia America 523). Terrorism is often a weapon of last resort. Most revolutions began as guerrilla terrorism. The American Revolution started out as terrorist acts against England. The Boston Tea Party is a prime example of terrorism. Colonial revolutionaries sneaked aboard an English Tea Merchant Ships, where they threw hundreds if not thousands of dollars worth of tea into the Atlantic Ocean. Americans today think of that incident as a stride to freedom, but the English look at it as the beginning of countless terrorist acts. The Law and Order Maintenance Act of 1962 in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) included among its definitions of terrorist as anyone who went on strike if an essential service was put at risk as a result. These strikes led to the revolution of the Zimbabwe people from the Rhodesia (English) government (Freeman 21). In South Africa, the burning of the Identification cards and the bombing of several military bases by the A.N.C. (African National Congress) was the beginning of an independence movement against the Afrikaners. Terrorism is often the start of a revolution that makes the country and even the world a better place. The IRA (Irish Republican Army) would argue that

The History of Chair Design (18th century to current) Case Study

The History of Chair Design (18th century to current) - Case Study Example A chair refers to a structure, which is raised from the surface, is stable, and is commonly used by one person to sit (Dampierre 5). The actual and historic sense of the term chair is the fact that it is supported by mostly three or four legs and has a back. However, the chair can have a different shape depending on the chair’s specifications criteria. Even though it has been stated that a chair has a back, some form of chairs such as stool do not have a back. Chairs do have various designs depending on the culture and the surrounding environment. The chair design may have drilled holes for decoration, low gaps or back for ventilation, or may be made of porous materials (Greene 21). The history of chair is as old as the history of humankind; chairs have been used in many centuries. Although chair is of extreme simplicity and antiquity, for many years it was used more as an article or item of dignity and state especially among the kings. However, this has changed over time with chair becoming a structure of ordinary use. It is undisputable that chair design has evolved in terms of design and technology. Therefore, this discussion will focus on the history of chair design in particular reference from the 18th century to the current. To begin with, it is important to consider the essence of design in chair just like in any other article or structure. Chair design puts into consideration the intended purpose and usage of the chair, stackability, weight, stain resistance, foldability, artistic design, durability, and ergonomics, which emphasizes on how comfortable the occupant of the chair is. The seating position of the occupant is determined by the intended usage (Fiell 15-16). As such, there are various designs for intended usage. For instance, easy chairs are most suitable for entertainment activities such as watching movies or television, task chairs are designed for specific persons depending on the nature of their work. Therefore, the essence of chair design is to ensure that certain purposes are met in addition to facilitating that the occupant of the chair is comfortable. The logic behind ergonomic design is to ensure that the occupant’s weight is distributed to different parts of the body. Chair design should therefore be in such a way that it does not compromise the occupants comfort and performance of tasks. Factors such as the height of the seat are very important and needs to be considered during the designing of chair (Fiell 28). This is because a chair, which is higher, may lead to feet dangling thus increasing pressure on the knees’ underside. On the other hand, a lower chair may result to shifting of too much weight towards the seat bones. The period from 18th century to current has witnessed major innovations about chair designs. Wood workers played a very critical role in these innovations. The most notable one is Thomas Chippendale who even left his own design marks the history of chair. The chairs by Chippendale were designed artistically; legs, splats, and carved back pieces were proportioned well. Most of Chippendale’s chairs have either square legs or cabriole. Chippendale design dominated most of the 18th century. The design reflected the some of the English tastes of that time and incorporated Chinese, Gothic, and English motifs (Raizman 9). The cabriole leg was Chippendale’s signature form. The cabriole design mostly employed the Queen Anne- style. There are six different Chippendale style legs namely-

Why are passwords and other good information security technologies Essay

Why are passwords and other good information security technologies compromised by the people who use them What can we do to improve their contribution to information security - Essay Example Password attacks can be implemented by means of numerous diverse techniques, involving Trojan horse programs, brute-force attacks, packet sniffers and IP spoofing. While IP spoofing and packet sniffers are able to produce user accounts and passwords, password harasses usually refer to frequent efforts to recognize an user account and password; these repeated cracks are called brute-force attacks (Johnson, 2007). By means of the term information security we recognize an intellect of possible risks implicated in the sensitivity of the information. With information technologies coming into the view the image broadens its limits. At this instant it turns out to be essential to recognize the nature of hazard involved and next there should be a well-formulated description of the term safety itself (Rantasaari et al, 2003). In broad sense, there are necessarily three sides of the term security. Primarily, it shows the accessibility of assets, though material or virtual, that is beneath possession of an entity or grouping. Secondly, there is a sense of privacy involved in this practice in view to these assets, in this case data, dealings and communication. Third and as a final point, there should be an awareness of truthfulness which allows the user or users to consider in the context of security (Goldwasser et al, 2007). Here I will explain how passwords and other good information security technologies compromised by the people who use them. The first factor that usually causes the security leak is the sharing of the password by the people with anyone for any purpose. Passwords should not be shared with anyone because it can be casuse of information and data theaft and there is danger of accessing another individual’s protected resources, accounts and personal records. Anothre reason is not changing the passwords periodically. If we do not

The Shawshank Redemption 1994 Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Shawshank Redemption 1994 - Movie Review Example We are held prisoners by our surroundings, and unless we are will to think outside the box, we will remain in the box. The movie tells of an incredible story about the desire for freedom. Although this movie may seem like any other prison movie at first, but as you continue watching it, you will discover that it is about hope, and it will captivate your heart. It tells the story of a certain prosperous banker who was sent to prison for killing his wife and her bed mate. He comes back home and finds them in bed, and out of anger, he shoots and kills them both. The judges pronounce him, â€Å"a particularly remorseless and icy man†. This banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is then taken to a prison called Shaw Shank, a prison reserved for the worst of mankind. In this prison, guards would often brutally beat the prisoners especially when they do something wrong, such as attempt an escape. Conflicts and fights among inmates was a common thing as well. Red is the narrator of this story and he begins it quite interestingly by saying, â€Å"I wish I could tell you that Andy fought the good fight, and the Sisters let him be. I wish I could tell you that - but prison is no fairy-tale world. He never said who did it, but we all knew. Things went on like that for a while - prison life consists of routine, and then more routine. Every so often, Andy would show up with fresh bruises. The Sisters kept at him - sometimes he was able to fight 'em off, sometimes not. And that's how it went for Andy - that was his routine. I do believe those first two years were the worst for him, and I also believe that if things had gone on that way, this place would have got the best of him.† As Andy enters the prison, he becomes the target of some of the prisoners, because he is new and looks weak. But this quickly changes as he starts to make some unusual friends. He meets a certain man by the name of Ellis Boyd â€Å"Red† Redding (a character played by Morgan Fre eman). This man who goes by the nickname Red has been sent to prison for life. He has covered a lot of years, and there is no hope for him of ever seeing the outside world. Andy soon discovers that Red likes to smuggle things in for the prisoners, and he exchanges them for whatever he wants. As the friendship between this two amazing men starts to build up, Red starts to realize that Andy is more than what meets the eye. But he doesn’t see much in him, as we can see in his comment, â€Å"I must admit, I didn’t think much of Andy first time I laid eyes on him, looked like a stiff breeze would blow him over. That was my first impression of the man.† In the meantime, Andy helps a certain hardened prisoner who has a tax problem, and in exchange he gets bottles of cold beer, and he distributes them to the other prisoners. This helps him get the soft side of most of the prisoners, and helps reduce some of the bullying from other prisoners. After this, Andy moves from one project to another. First he helps to make the prison library a better place, and he also helps the prisoners that tend to use the library by helping them to study. He continues to take care of the tax returns of the guards, and he continues further by helping the tough warden (Bob Gunton) in some areas he needs help. This proves to be a wise move because, as the years go by, he gets respect and trust from the inmates, guards and also

Organisations & people management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Organisations & people management - Essay Example It can be seen that leadership is an indispensable component in the day to day operations of an organisation and plays a vital role in guiding the organisations through the turbulent periods. One of the major issues brought about by change is resistance to change which is a natural phenomenon but if it is ignored, it can derail progress in the organisation which is why leadership is of paramount importance to any organisation that is serious about its growth and development. In most cases, the way in which organisations respond to new challenges they face in their operations is a true reflection of the values, attitudes as well as the styles of the leaders. It is therefore imperative that leaders embrace attitudes and behaviour that are compatible with the situation obtaining on the ground at that particular moment in order to keep pace with the changes that may be taking place in the environment. It can also be seen that leadership is not an exclusive domain of the chief executive officer or the charismatic leader but in one way or the other, each one of us can find himself in a leadership position. It is also concerned with people management and factors that shape behaviour in an organisation. Though leadership is often confused with management, a holistic approach is ought to be taken as far as managing change in the organisations is concerned. Failure to put in place measures that are meant to ensure that the organisation positively responds to the changes taking place in the environment may result in unfavourable conditions to the organisation emerging. Against this background, this essay seeks to critically identify and evaluate the major influences on leadership styles and approach on the operations of Google. The essay will begin by giving a very brief description of the organisation in question which will be followed by explaining different key concepts such as leadership, leadership styles as well as management and the extent to which these

No topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 65

No topic - Essay Example Again Susan urgently needs to acquire the property to expand the university. The best alternative (BATNA) that he has is to sell it to the property to the private developer. His reserved price (RP) is approximately $19.7 million. This figure is arrived at by considering the cost of rebuilding property with same features, in the same location. Susan is mainly interested in acquiring a property to expand the university. As such, the property that Fr. John is selling is appropriate for the expansion due to its vicinity. Her main source of power is that she is aware that Fr. John is selling the property and that the school is suffering financial predicaments. Her best alternative would be to build her own premises should Fr. John sell the premises at the price equal to putting a new structure. Her recommended price is below $19.7 million as the amount would be enough to put up a new structure with similar features. Her target would basically to acquire the property at a lower price than that of putting a new

Organisations & people management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Organisations & people management - Essay Example It can be seen that leadership is an indispensable component in the day to day operations of an organisation and plays a vital role in guiding the organisations through the turbulent periods. One of the major issues brought about by change is resistance to change which is a natural phenomenon but if it is ignored, it can derail progress in the organisation which is why leadership is of paramount importance to any organisation that is serious about its growth and development. In most cases, the way in which organisations respond to new challenges they face in their operations is a true reflection of the values, attitudes as well as the styles of the leaders. It is therefore imperative that leaders embrace attitudes and behaviour that are compatible with the situation obtaining on the ground at that particular moment in order to keep pace with the changes that may be taking place in the environment. It can also be seen that leadership is not an exclusive domain of the chief executive officer or the charismatic leader but in one way or the other, each one of us can find himself in a leadership position. It is also concerned with people management and factors that shape behaviour in an organisation. Though leadership is often confused with management, a holistic approach is ought to be taken as far as managing change in the organisations is concerned. Failure to put in place measures that are meant to ensure that the organisation positively responds to the changes taking place in the environment may result in unfavourable conditions to the organisation emerging. Against this background, this essay seeks to critically identify and evaluate the major influences on leadership styles and approach on the operations of Google. The essay will begin by giving a very brief description of the organisation in question which will be followed by explaining different key concepts such as leadership, leadership styles as well as management and the extent to which these

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND POLITICS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND POLITICS - Essay Example The term of imperialism is usually applied when speaking about such countries as the United Kingdom, the USA, Japan, Italy, Spain and France of the 19th century. In that time these countries were trying to found empires by owning areas in Africa. This process is known as â€Å"the Scramble for Africa†. In his work dated 1916 â€Å"Imperialism, the Highest stage of Capitalism† Lenin wrote about the importance of building the strong capitalist empire that will treat other nations and will have enough power to take decisions on the world arena. According to him, imperialism implies the domination of the developed countries over the underdeveloped ones (such as African counties). Though it must be mentioned that empire-building and the desire to capture other lands has always been in the history, the Lenin’s imperialism was a specific one because of the capitalist basis. Capitalism is founded on the idea that all the power is possessed by private owners and capital s tands for the key element in the economic system. Within the turn of the 19th century the capitalism in such countries as France, Japan, the USA and the UK was characterized by a great number of monopolies. Lenin wrote in his manifest that the small privately owned companies that were the key factor of the nation prosperity according to Karl Marx were to be replaced by the big monopolies that would have fewer owners, and in other words, fewer people controlling it. Such giants of production or other business controlled the whole nation with the help of the power that capital gave to them. The thing is that the dominant elements of the economy â€Å"capital, land and wealth were concentrated in the hands of the few† (Greene, 1970). Lenin wrote: "if it was necessary to give the briefest possible definition of imperialism, we should have to say that imperialism is the monopoly stage of capitalism" (Greene, 1970). So, when the economy of one country strives for monopoly, it leads to the decrease of competition. In a while such situation in one state can project to the international arena. In order to secure the power, capital and their ownership those few people needed the support of the state. Any security implies heavy spending on military forces. According to Lenin’s theory, the monopolization of the capital leads to the army strengthening. The rate of a country’s security depended on its army and navy forces, and it in its turn depended on the industrial production that provided these departments. As a result the interests of monopolies and state linked together and there appeared tough interdependence. According to Bukharin, the counterpart of Lenin, the monopolization of economy leads to its internationalization, though this internationalization was to be slowed by the armed nations that protected their ownership and capital violently. Therefore, there was the necessity for a state to cooperate with other countries, but it was to be done carefully in order not to risk the state security. As Lenin explained, "Capitalism's transition to the stage of monopoly capitalism, to finance capital, is connected with the intensification of the struggle for the partitioning of the world" (Warren, 1980). As mentioned above the new wave of imperialism based on capitalism was founded on the scramble for weak counties in order to provide

Six Sensitive Periods Essay Example for Free

Six Sensitive Periods Essay 1. What are the six sensitive periods? Describe each briefly. Sensitivity to order: From the age of one to the age of three, the child expresses their need for stability. At this time the child is extremely sensitive to order. The child will in some cases be distressed or very upset if there is a slight change in the environment, since children is formed by their surroundings they have the need to accuracy and control. Refinement of senses: The young child has a strong desire to know and learn, at this stage the child is beginning to bring the different elements of actions and influence between all his separate senses. During this time the child have to fully apply all the senses in order to develop them as much as possible. From a very young age children will decide what they want to hear, see, touch, taste and smell. Sensitivity to language: From the moment of birth, language plays a vital role in accompanying mental growth. During this phase the child distinguishes the sound of the human voice and is able to recognize the mouth movement. The child continues to learn more sentence structure during primary school years, on condition that basic language has been achieved. If a child is not exposed to language during sensitive period, it can lead to permanent damage. Sensitivity for walking: From the first time the child starts walking, he has a big need to practice and perfect this skill. Once the child starts walking, he is constantly on the move and practicing the movement and control. The child makes great efforts to achieve the quality in his motion capability. Sensitivity to small objects: At around the age of two years children have an urge to pay attention to detail, the child develops the ability to focus on certain tasks. When the child is out for a walk the child will stop numerous times to explore and investigate and examine small objects and his surroundings. Sensitivity to social aspects of life: At this stage, children can develop friendships and learn how to play in groups. It is important to teach them during this phase how to interact and have consideration for others.

Patterns of Inheritence in Drosophila Melanogaster

Patterns of Inheritence in Drosophila Melanogaster The Fruit Flies of Melanogaster Introduction:    Many simple patterns of inheritance follow the laws of Mendel. Dominant traits will always be expressed when present, and recessive traits will only be expressed when two recessive alleles are present. When crossing a pure homozygous dominant trait with a pure homozygous recessive trait as the P generation, it is expected that all the offspring in the F1 generation will express the dominant trait, since every offspring will receive one copy of the dominant allele from one parent and one copy of the recessive allele from the other. In the F2 generation, the expected outcome will be a 3:1 phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive, and a 1:2:1 genotypic ratio of homozygous dominant to heterozygous to homozygous recessive (Campbell et al. 268). This simple inheritance pattern explains many of the inheritance phenomena exhibited in nature, but some inheritance patterns go beyond Mendel’s laws of genetics. In incomplete dominance, neither allele is dominant over the other so the outcome is a blend of both traits. In codominance, both traits are expressed separately. In mitochondrial inheritance, all offspring will receive specific genes from the mother. In X-linked recessive traits, the alleles are located on the X chromosome, and these conditions frequently appear in males because they only have one copy of the X chromosome (â€Å"Inheritance Patterns†). When the exact inheritance pattern is unknown in a cross, the ratios of each type of offspring help to determine if the inheritance pattern follows Mendel’s laws or if it is one of the above varieties. In fruit flies, the red and brown genes for eye color are located on autosomes. However, a mutation on the white gene in fruit flies on the X chromosome prevents any eye color from developing at all (â€Å"The Genetics of Eye Color†). The gene for white eye color is epistatic to the red and white eye genes. This is how fruit flies are able to have three different eye colors when the white mutation is not present, there will be a simple inheritance pattern between red and sepia eyes. When the mutation is present, the red or sepia eyes will not be expressed because they will be masked behind the white mutation. Drosophila melanogaster were used in this procedure because they reproduce very quickly and are easily manageable. All their food and water needs are taken care of by the substance called media in the bottom of the vial. They are a convenient size because they are not too big, but they are small enough to easily distinguish traits under a microscope (â€Å"The Fruit Fly and Genetics†). The life cycle of the flies begins as eggs. From the eggs emerge the larvae, which look like tiny worms. The larvae grow through three stages until they reach the pupal stage. The pupae mature and darken in color for three to four days until they break forth from the pupal case to become adult flies (â€Å"Development†). In this experiment, three crosses were performed between different varieties of the fruit fly Drosophila Melanogaster. Cross 1 was between a sepia eyed female and a wild type male, Cross 2 was between a white eyed female and a wild type male, and Cross 3 was between a red eyed, vestigial winged female with a sepia eyed, normal winged male. In Cross 1, a simple pattern of Mendel’s laws is predicted to be expressed. Wild type flies with red eyes is the dominant phenotype over sepia colored eyes. Sepia colored eyes are a result from a recessive gene, and only result when two sepia-eyed flies mate or when two heterozygous flies mate. Furthermore, sepia colored eyes is not dependent on the sex of the fly, so in the case of this cross all flies in the F1 generation should have red eyes, but be carriers for the sepia colored eye trait. In the F2 generation when the heterozygous flies mate, the predicted phenotypic ratio will be 3:1, where for every three red eyed flies there would be one sepia colored fly. The related genotypic ratio of homozygous dominant to heterozygous to homozygous recessive will be 1:2:1. Our hypothesis for Cross 1 is if there are no mutations and the cross follows Mendel’s laws of independent assortment, then the ratio of red to sepia eyed flies will be 3:1 for the F2 generation. In cross 2, sex linked inheritance plays a role. The mutation for white colored eyes is X-linked recessive. When the white eyed female is crossed with a red eyed male, all the males in the F1 generation should exhibit the mutation, and all the females should have red eyes. This is because the males can only accept a recessive allele from the mother and the Y chromosome from the father which does not carry the mutation for white eye color. The females will receive the red gene from the father’s X chromosome which will cover the white gene from the mother. The F2 generation produced by the white eyed male and heterozygous female will thus have a genotypic ratio of 1:1:1:1. Therefore, our hypothesis for Cross 2 for the F2 generation is that if the gene for the white eye mutation is located on the X chromosome, then the phenotypic ratio will be 1:1:1:1 if sex is considered. In cross 3, the focus shifted from just looking at eye colors to looking at eye colors and wing type. The fruit flies could either have normal wings or exhibit vestigial wings, which are shortened. Flies with vestigial wings have a defect in their vestigial gene located on the second chromosome. So, a dihybrid cross will be used to determine the predicted phenotypes and genotypes of the F1 and F2 generation. A dihybrid cross uses two traits with two alleles each, and so two different aspects of an organism are crossed. Vestigial wings are a recessive trait, so two recessive alleles must be inherited in order to express the trait. This is also the case with sepia colored eyes. So when a parent generation of a red eyed vestigial winged female is crossed with a sepia eyed normal winged male, all of the offspring in the F1 generation should have red eyes and normal wings. The F2 generation, however, are produced by heterozygotes and thus four phenotypes should be seen: red eyed normal, s epia normal, sepia vestigial, and red eyed vestigial. Therefore, our hypothesis for the F2 generation in Cross 3 is that if both traits follow Mendel’s laws of independent assortment for the dihybrid cross, then the predicted phenotypic ratio will be 9:3:3:1. Methodology: Materials used include: Vials Microscopes Fly nap and anesthesia wand Paint brushes Fly food Fly netting Cotton plugs Plain white index card Procedure: First, prepare vials for the fruit flies to live in. Obtain three glass vials, and estimate a few centimeters of Carolina Instant Drosophila Medium in each. After, put a few drops of water in the culture and let it sit a few minutes to soak in the medium. At this point, also put in a fly net. Obtain F1 flies from instructor for the three crosses. Check the vials for life. The flies need to be alive for active breeding purposes. However, ensure that there are no F2 larvae yet, as this could be misleading for the results. Check the food for moisture, and add water with a pipet if the food gets too dry. Anesthetize the fruit flies. Put the vials of flies upside down in the refrigerator, as this forces the flies into a state of inactivity. After approximately ten minutes, take the vials out and transport each of the three tubes (for the separate three crosses) into three different vials. Mark the three vials with tape for either cross 1, cross 2, or cross 3. Tap the flies into the new vials, and close it with a cotton plug with an anesthesia wand connected to it soaked in Flynap. Wait a few minutes for the flies to stop moving or flying to begin the next procedure. Shake the fruit flies onto a white index card and place the card under the dissecting microscope. Use the paintbrush to move the flies to the center of the viewing field in order to sex them and view them for the desired traits. Record the data in the data tables. Males have a solid black abdomen and sex combs on their forelegs, while females have a striped abdomen and no sex combs. Additionally, females are generally larger than males[1]. After recording the data for the flies, place them in the morgue. Record F1 data for three days, or until F2 larvae are seen. Repeat the above procedure using the same vials, but this time using only F2 flies. Record data for three days. Set the extra flies free, and clean out all the vials thoroughly. Results: Cross 1 Punnett square: Cross between heterozygous male and heterozygous female for eye color Table 1: Lab Group data for Cross 1 Fasdfasdasdffasdfasdf Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Total Red M 3 2 55 60 Red F 4 1 58 63 Sepia M 0 0 6 6 Sepia F 0 0 4 4 Fasdfasdasdffasdfasdf Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Total Red M 2 3 1 6 Red F 3 2 0 5 Sepia M 0 0 0 0 Sepia F 2 0 0 2 Chi Square Analysis for Lab Group Data for Cross 1 Expected Totals: Red:  ¾ x x/13 = 9.75 red (11-9.75)^2/9.75 = 1.160 Sepia:  ¼ x x/13 = 3.25 sepia (2-3.25)^2/(3.25) = .481 ∑=1.641 Degrees of Freedom: 1 .20 > p > .10 Accept the null hypothesis Table 2: AP Bio 2015 Class Data for Cross 1 Fasdfasdasdffasdfasdf Pd 8 Pd 6 Total Red M 39 58 97 Red F 46 64 110 Sepia M 12 7 19 Sepia F 11 4 15 F2 sex 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 total RED M M 19 13 8 35 44 21 6 8 36 48 22 260 RED F F 37 12 12 38 51 36 5 4 36 50 29 310 SEPIA M M 4 3 5 12 10 6 0 3 5 12 6 66 SEPIA F F 5 5 3 16 13 7 2 1 13 14 9 88 Chi Square Analysis for AP Bio Group Data for Cross 1: Expected Totals: Red:  ¾ x x/724 = 543 (570-543)^2/543 = 1.343 Sepia:  ¼ x x/724 = 181 (154-181)^2/181 = 4.028 ∑= 5.371 .01 > p > .001 Reject the null hypothesis Cross 2: Punnett Square: Cross between heterozygous red eyed female and hemizygous white eyed male Table 3: Lab Group Data for Cross 2      F1 day 1 day 2 day 3 total RED M 0 0 15 15 RED F 24 1 32 57 WHITE M 24 3 10 37 WHITE F 0 0 13 13 F2 day 1 day 2 day 3 total RED M 8 3 0 11 RED F 9 6 1 16 WHITE M 7 1 0 8 WHITE F 6 3 1 10 Chi Square Analysis for Lab Group Data for Cross 2 Expected Totals: Red M: 1/4 x x/45 = 11.25 (11-11.25)^2/11.25 = .006 Red F: 1/4 x x/45 = 11.25 (16-11.25)^2/11.25 = 2.01 White M: 1/4 x x/45 = 11.25 (8-11.25)^2/11.25 = .939 White F: 1/4 x x/45 = 11.25 (10-11.25)^2/11.25 = .139 ∑= 3.094 Degrees of freedom: 3 0.50 > p > .30 Accept the null hypothesis Table 4: AP Bio 2015 Class Data for Cross 2 F1 1 2 total RED M 60 15 75 RED F 87 58 145 WHITE M 50 35 85 WHITE F 10 13 23 F2 1 2 3 6 7 8 9 10 11 total RED M 24 23 22 8 11 23 38 9 23 211 RED F 25 30 38 7 16 14 42 16 14 231 WHITE M 18 27 20 9 8 11 13 17 21 162 WHITE F 20 23 24 11 10 11 12 11 24 176 Chi Square Analysis for AP Bio Class Data for Cross 2: Expected Totals: Red M: 1/4 x x/780 = 195 (211-195)^2/195 = 1.312 Red F: 1/4 x x/780 = 195 (231-195)^2/195 = 6.646 White M: 1/4 x x/780 = 195 (162-195)^2/195 = 5.585 White F: 1/4 x x/780 = 195 (176-195)^2/195 = 1.851 ∑=15.394 Degrees of freedom: 3 p > .001 Reject the null hypothesis Cross 3: Punnett Square: Cross between two flies heterozygous for both red eyes and normal wings Table 5: Lab Group Data for Cross 3 F1 sex day 2 day 3 total RED / NORMAL M 6 16 40 RED / NORMAL F 12 17 62 RED / VESTIGAL M 0 0 0 RED / VESTIGAL F 0 0 0 SEPIA / NORMAL M 0 5 5 SEPIA / NORMAL F 0 1 1 SEPIA / VESTIGAL M 0 0 0 SEPIA / VESTIGAL F 0 0 0 F2 sex day 1 day 2 day 3 RED / NORMAL M 12 7 2 RED / NORMAL F 13 13 10 RED / VESTIGAL M 1 2 0 RED / VESTIGAL F 3 3 1 SEPIA / NORMAL M 8 4 1 SEPIA / NORMAL F 4 3 4 SEPIA / VESTIGAL M 0 0 0 SEPIA / VESTIGAL F 1 0 1 Chi Square Analysis for Lab Group Data for Cross 3 Expected Totals: Red normal: 9/16 x x/93 = 52.313 (57-52.313)^2/52.313 = .420 Sepia normal: 3/16 x x/93 = 17.438 (24-17.438)^2/17.438 = 2.470 Red vestigial: 3/16 x x/93 = 17.438 (10-17.438)^2/17.438 = 3.172 Sepia vestigial: 1/16 x x/93 = 5.813 (2-5.813)^2/(5.813) = 2.501 ∑= 8.563 Degrees of freedom: 3 .05 > p >.01 Reject the null hypothesis Table 6: AP Bio 2015 Group Data for Cross 3 F1 sex 1 2 total RED / NORMAL M 28 37 65 RED / NORMAL F 42 51 93 RED / VESTIGAL M 5 0 5 RED / VESTIGAL F 3 0 3 SEPIA / NORMAL M 2 11 13 SEPIA / NORMAL F 4 5 9 SEPIA / VESTIGAL M 0 0 0 SEPIA / VESTIGAL F 0 0 0 F2 sex 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 total RED / NORMAL M 7 14 29 30 16 18 21 26 16 7 10 194 RED / NORMAL F 21 18 44 34 16 22 36 30 16 11 6 254 RED / VESTIGAL M 4 3 8 11 4 9 3 0 8 6 11 67 RED / VESTIGAL F 7 8 9 9 3 16 7 0 41 4 16 120 SEPIA / NORMAL M 5 4 8 12 7

The Power Of One :: film essay

The movie was about a boy that wanted every one to come together to understand each other better and for them to have equal rights. P.K was a boy that was thought about many things on the people he was thought by his mother about England and by nanny about the Zulu. When P.K. was a small boy he went to a boarding school for the Afrikaans. He was treated bad he even almost got killed by Jaapie Botha. When he got out of the school he went to live with Doc a friend of his grandfather. Doc goes to jail because he failed to register when he entered the country since he was coming form Germany; P.K. went with him too, to jail. Their he learned to box he was thought by Geel piet a black prisoner that new how to box, as P.K he became more of a boxer. When he got out of jail he went to box at a gym. He went to school. One day in a boxing match P.K fell in love with a girl called Maria Maria's. Maria was Afrikaner and wasn't aloud to date a British boy. They started to go out then decided to get married but that never happened because Maria got killed. P.K. and his friend were teaching the black how to reed and right and that was illegal Maria was teaching too. The Afrikaner army came in and prohibited the school and that started a fight. Maria was running towards P.K. when one of the troops smashed a chair into Marias face and she died. P.K then left because he was searched by the Afrikaners that wanted him. So he left towards Alexandria. The troops were looking for P.K. and could not find him. The troops killed any black person they could see. Jaapie Botha found P.K and he was going to kill P.K but one of P.K.'s friends killed Jaapie Botha. They both escaped from the Afrikaners. There is a lot of south African history in this video because it shows what happen to black people and the British and how they were treated un equal to the Afrikaners. They were all different but that did not mean they had to be treated this way. They were punished by the police real hard for any little insignificant thing. It also shows how they believed that separation was the right thing when it rely wasn't.

Northern States Power :: essays research papers fc

A leader in today's economic world, Northern States Power (NSP) is recognized for its outstanding performance in both regulated and nonregulated operations. Its regulated operation serves over two million electric and gas customers in Minnesota, Wisconsin, North Dakota, South Dakota, Arizona, and Michigan (NSP - Investor's Overview 1). Its head offices are located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is Mr. James J. Howard III (Howard 1). Its Viking Gas Transmission Company Subsidiary owns and operates a 500-mile natural gas pipeline (NSP - Investor's Overview 1). Northern States Power is one of the nation's leading energy companies with competitive rates, responsive service, and dependable and reliable energy. A relationship with NSP began's when they sign up for services with them; moreover, when you choose to live in a certain area. Some of the facts about NSP are services/people, profit, rates, and sources of power, standings, first aid/safety, Y2K, merger, and about how they help within the community. In North Dakota, NSP provides service to more than 80,000 electric customers and 30,000 gas customers in Fargo, Grand Forks, Minot, and many surrounding communities (NSP - Northern Dakota 1). They have served in these communities for over 80 years (Northern States Power Energy Wise 2). "By powering the world, NSP brings energy to (Howard 6):" ? The international markets where we do business ? The communities close to home where we contribute time and money ? To customers, who have ever-increasing energy needs and choices ? To employees, who make the energy work ? And finally, to you—the shareholders—who have placed trust in them The 24th straight year in a row to mark growth for NSP was 1998. Northern States Power's common stocks are traded on three different exchanges: New York Stock, Chicago Stock, and Pacific Stock. Its ticker tape symbol is NSP. Newspaper stock tables list NSP Company as NoStPw, NoStPwr, or NSPw (NSP - Investor's Overview's 2). Northern States Power and its subsidiaries reported earning of $52.3 million or 34 cents a share, for the first quarter of 1999. Operating revenue for the quarter was up 6 percent to $743.2 million. Warmer weather, increased maintenance, and Y2K computer work is the cause of the decreased earning (NSP First-quarter). "Advantages to being a registered shareholder are (NSP - Investor's overview 2):" ? Dividend checks are sent directly to you, deposited in the back account you designate, or maybe reinvested in the company as you choose ? You may purchase additional stock (through dividend reinvestment and optional investment plans) with little or no fees ? You may deposit your share certificates with the company for safekeeping if you sign up for the Dividend

Large industrial facility Essay

1. Describe how the use of a tall smoke stack might improve air quality near a large industrial facility. Tall smoke stacks built 500 ft or taller can improve air quality for a large industrial facility, by â€Å"releasing air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides high into the atmosphere to help limit the impact† to the near by areas (Air, 2011, p. 2). The use of tall smoke stack is also believed to contribute to a wider spread of air pollutants. 2. How can topography contribute to pollution in a city or region? Topography and weather are big contributors to a city pollutions. Most cities are built in a valley and not on top of a mountain, which makes it hard for the air to circulate. This traps the pollution into an area resulting in a poor air quality. (Factors, n.d.) 3. From where do hurricanes derive their energy? What factors tend to weaken hurricanes? Would you expect a hurricane to weaken more quickly if it moved over land or over cooler water? â€Å"Hurricanes derive their energy from the warm, tropical oceans and by evaporating water from the ocean’s surface. Heat energy is converted to wind energy when the water vapor condenses and latent heat is released inside deep convective clouds† (Ahrens, 2014, p. 341). Hurricanes can weaken more quickly if it moves over cooler water, because they get their energy from warm tropical oceans. 4. Where is the Bermuda high located during the summer and fall? How might the path of a hurricane, moving toward the west from Africa, be affected by the Bermuda High as the hurricane approaches the United States? During the summer and fall the Bermuda high forms over the Atlantic Ocean. Hurricanes moving toward the west from Africa may increase its intensity as it approaches the United States. The Bermuda High â€Å"not only heats up summer-time temperatures in the East, but the Bermuda High can affect the  intensity of tropical storms and hurricanes† (Bermuda, 2013). 5. How do you think pollutants are removed from the atmosphere? Does this occur quickly or slowly? Pollutants in the atmosphere can be removed by trees and plants. The trees and plants absorb CO2 and other pollutants, then produce oxygen for the atmosphere. The removing of pollutants in the air is a slow progress and some pollutants never go away. Ahrens, C. D. (2014). Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere, 7th Edition. [VitalSource Bookshelf version]. Retrieved from http://online.vitalsource.com/books/9781305439733/id/ch11-L3-5 Air quality. (2011). GAO. Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d11473.pdf Bermuda high is cause of most east coast summer heat. (2013) Weather Bug. Retrieved from http://weather.weatherbug.com/weather-news/weather-reports.html?story=8263 Factors affecting air quality. (n.d.) BC Air Quality. Retrieved from http://www.bcairquality.ca/101/air-quality-factors.html

Take Home Final Exam

The following plates will be reviewed from Rosebush's History of Photography textbook: 1) Charles Sheller, Industry, plate #585 2) Eve Seaman, Oranges, Manhattan 1978, plate #743 3) Berne and Hill Becker, Winding Towers, plate #736 4) Aaron Siskin, New York NO. 6, 1951, plate #664 5) Lynn Cohen, Corridor, plate #700 6) Mary Ellen Mark, Tiny in her Halloween Costume, Seattle, plate #689 Charles Sheller, Industry' Charles Seller's image, Industry represents a time during the Industrial Age when Ford was uncompromising machinery and assembly lines were moving at a constant rate.Seller's work can be placed in the Aesthetically Evaluative à ©tagà ¨re due to the symmetry and balance in the photograph. The shapes and lines crisscross and work together to form a well-composed photograph. A second category to place Industry in would be Descriptive because this photograph has a certain sense of style that we cannot deny. A third category is Explanatory because the image depicts a certain era of time that significant in the history books. This era is the Industrial Age in America. Explanatory photographs are intended to document a certain way of life.Charles Seller's Industry certainly earns a place in the history books not only because of this lance/symmetric sense of style shown in the image but it illustrates how the use of space or lack of can really accent the photograph as a whole and make it aesthetically pleasing to the eye. On the same note, during this time great changes were occurring and manufacturing was booming so kudos to the photographer, Charles Shelley, for not only capturing this in a documentary form but composing a beautiful image as well.His work would be categorized in the era of Modernist photography because of his efforts in the asses and later. His work also depicts the great changes ND during that time and changes that the Industrial Age brought about. You can see examples of this through his documentary photography of Henry Ford and his manuf acturing lines. Artists involved in photographing dramatic engineering and urban landscapes can be grouped together as Protectionists. Protectionists pay special attention t geometrical structures and have a smooth handling of surfaces.They have unexpected viewpoints in the sense of angle and the way they crop their picture. Charles Demise's idea of Cubism-geometric shapes and overlapping planeloads be found in this Protectionist form and style. Eve Seaman, Oranges, Manhattan 1978 Eve Seaman's image can be interpretive in regards to addressing what the world views are in this photographers eyes. A category that could be used for interpreting this photograph would be Descriptive because the particular style works, being a diptych, and allows views to compare and interpret the two photographs.A second category could be Aesthetic because one looking at the photo and noting the color changes as far as shading goes on the person's face, the change in action of the subjects in the photogr aph, and the existing question f â€Å"what is going on right now? † in the photograph. I also appreciate the white line in the middle of the image as a whole making it a diptych. Today there is less room between the two photos and I like the style of this one. Seaman's image falls into the modernistic era due to the stylistic properties as far as the alteration of the image and the comparison of each to each other.Eve Seaman's success should never be discounted and embarking on these stylistic endeavors are worth printing in the history books because of the way it was altered. Berne and Hill Becker, Winding Towers Berne and Hill Becker s Winding Towers is described to be art about art. Thomas South's Museum Photographs is similar to the Beeches, as discussed in class. A category I would classify this piece of work would be Theoretical photography because you can Compare these Structures to social class and hierarchy because of the nature in which the tower itself is structur ed.It is also said that art about art is classified as Theoretical. Another category would be Explanatory because the photograph explains in a scientific sense by capturing these photos over a number of years and in owing so the photographers have created a typology of form. There is also a nice tonal range represented here so this image can also be categorized as stylistically sound or Descriptive because the piece â€Å"works†. The work can be classified as Modernist art since they create typologies of form that challenge the traditional meanings of art.Berne and Hill Becker have rightfully earned their place in the history books because of the typology documented and their technique of which to gather the information over time. All photographs are said to fit in the descriptive category, interpretive and heretical, as stated in the onset of Terry Barrette's Criticizing Photographs, chapter 4. Since all photographs give relatively accurate information of people, places and objects, they can technically fit in the descriptive category.Moreover, all photographs can fit in the interpretive category because most photographs interpret how the photographer interprets and sees the world. Finally all photographs are influenced by other art forms so these photographs can be placed in the theoretical category. Aaron Siskin, New York No. 6 Aaron Skin's New York No. 6 is Aesthetically Evaluative cause the lines and shapes and ongoing symmetry work together to create on cohesive piece of art.This photograph looks similar to the one of Charles Sheller, Industry because has qualities of lines, shape and form and the importance of all of these aspects fitting into one aesthetically pleasing piece of work. Feel the category of Theoretical is a fit category because it plays with perceptions of art and how the photographer interprets art but also provokes the viewer to question how the art was created. The photograph looks more like a something created with paint or Har old and less likely produced with film.Aaron Siskin, an Abstract Expressionist painter, emphasized experimentation and worked on color, multiple montages, and collages (Rosenberg 516). He was part of the post-war photograph trends in the United States. This group of artist espoused straight photography and therefore can be categorized in the Modernist era. Lynn Cohen, Corridor Lynn Cohen, Corridor can be classified as Aesthetically evaluative because you can see how the image was purposely framed cropped. I think this image ‘works' and is successful.This image is also categorized as Descriptive cause of the artificial light and the detached distance from the subject matter pictured in the photograph. In looking at the crop of the image and how the image hold most of its weight on the right side of the photo, this image can be seen as Aesthetically evaluative because the photo is a success artistically with composition and style. In saying this, believe that this photograph sho uld remain in the history books because it gives viewers positive insight on the importance of composition and plasticity (or the absence of) in photographs.The era this type of art is seen in is the era of modernism and more pacifically, contemporary surrealism. Mary Ellen Mark, Tiny in her Halloween Costume Mary Ellen Mark, Tiny in her Halloween Costume can be classified as Ethically Evaluative because it illustrates a certain time in this young girls life and how her life is affected by the neighborhood she lives in the peer pressure that surrounds her to fit in or not to fit in. This photograph can also be considered Interpretive because this category covers the directorial nature of the photographer with its subject matter.Mary Ellen Mark's photograph can also be categorized as Explanatory because the image can be viewed as a sociological or anthropological perspective because it is a visual study of a Seattle area using a very documentary style of photography. This is a succes sful picture because it is aesthetically pleasing in that the photograph is very stylistic: the picture is in black and white so it gives off a moody vibe. Mary Ellen Mark's photograph should remain in the history books because it provides insight on how society was during this era and the poverty that some people had to live in.Streetwise was produced during the Modernist/Post-Modernist era because he portrait is untraditional in the Pictorial sense. In other words, it's not meant to be smoothing to the eye or flattering but more of a documentary style picture. Personal Work As a photographer, I must also be able to evaluate and categorize my own work. Not only that but it's important to identify as to WHY we capture certain images. What is interesting about the pictures we create? If we can't identify with or answer these questions, why would someone else care about the work or find the photographs intriguing?

Impact of Sarbanes Oxley Act, 2002 on GlaxoSmithKline UK Essay

Impact of Sarbanes Oxley Act, 2002 on GlaxoSmithKline UK - Essay Example Globally, several legislative and administrative requirements in the form of new accounting standards, requirements as to detailed disclosures in financial statements and stricter enforcement of regulations on securities exchanges have been prescribed to ensure that governance of corporate entities is maintained at levels that are beneficial to themselves as well as to the people dealing with such bodies corporate. In the past, corporate governance had been used to protect the interests of company stockholders. However 'Corporate Governance' has assumed a new dimension in the post 'Enron' and 'Post Globalisation' scenario as almost every major developed and developing nation ensures some sort of promotion and protection of corporate governance principles. However there are certain basic views or models that describe the corporate governance practices universally. According to Tricker (1996) "Stewardship theory, stakeholder theory and agency theory are all essentially ethnocentric" Tricker (1996) observes although there is no change in the underlying ideologies there are conflicting theories of corporate governance established on the basis of the perceptions and expectations of the respective roles of individual, enterprise and the state. The basic principles of the different theories depend largely on the relationships that exist between these agencies. The conflicting views on the corporate governance are presented below: The Agency Model Hawley & William (1996) state the emphasis of corporate governance lies in constructing rules and incentives in the form of implicit or explicit contracts for the purpose of aligning the behaviour of managers being the agents with the expectations of the owners being the principals. Under the agency theory of corporate governance it is assumed that the ownership of the firms is dispersed as the American 'modern' corporation. The main consequence of such a form of dispersed ownership is that there exists a gap between the owners representing the 'principals' of the firm and those who are responsible for the running the day to day operations of the firm who are known as 'agents'. Thus as Shelifer and Vishny (1997) state, "agency theorists aim to understand how investors get the mangers to give them back their money and hence minimize agency costs." According to Jensen & Meckling (1976) since the relationship between the owners and managers of a corporation is that of a pure agency rela tionship, the issues associated with the 'separation of ownership and control' in the modern ownership corporation are also mostly agency based. The Stewardship Model In the stewardship model,

The customer pyramid ethical issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The customer pyramid ethical issues - Essay Example Initially, Microsoft Corporation used functional structure in which various personnel would be categorized and placed under on department based on their specialization. As the company grew, functional structure was rendered inappropriate. In the current structure (divisional), the company has divisions with each unit focusing on a specific line of goods. Corporate culture is the shared beliefs, ideas, values, traditions and behavior patterns that uniquely identify one organization from another. The belief system and values that members of a particular company subscribe extensively influence the exhibited organizational behavior. Microsoft Corporation was founded on the values and principles held dearly by its pioneer, Bill Gates. Gates believed initiating a computer company that could ‘enlighten’ and make even the less fortunate persons in the society realize their dreams would be noble. It is this initial deep-rooted philosophy that Microsoft has been built on to become what it is today. Currently, the company subscribes to market culture in which all focus is on the customer. The company seeks to efficiently and diligently carry out its tasks to meet the demands of the worldwide customers (King and Lawley, 98). One of the major reasons why Microsoft has grown steadily in this competitive industry is the marketing unit. The company utilizes platforms such as the internet, retail outlets and other resellers to meet the targeted global market. The legal support Microsoft Corporation has received enables it to flex the agreements terms in a way that supports its marketing process. For example, the Enterprise Agreement Direct Advisors (EDA) is one of those that have substantially supported the company’s marketing. Consequently, the finance situation at Microsoft is a cornerstone in its sustainability and development. Recently,

American Constitution Law 1.1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American Constitution Law 1.1 - Essay Example Three hours later, the officers again sought to enter Miss Mapp’s house but still Miss Mapp refused to let them in. The police officers coercively opened one of the doors and accessed the house. Miss Mapp insisted that the police officers to produce search warrant. One of the police officers produced a paper claiming to be a search warrant, which Miss Mapp grabbed and concealed it in her bosom. A struggle emerged in which the law enforcers took the paper and in turn, they handcuffed Miss Mapp on the basis that she has been aggressive in rejecting their official rescue of the search warrant. The police officers forcibly took Miss Mapp upstairs where they searched her concealed items, closet, and some suitcases. In addition, they also searched her personal papers and photo album. The police officers moved on to search the kitchen, children bedroom, and dining hall. In the course of the forceful search, the police officers managed to get the obscene materials they wanted (Clancy, 2008). During the trial of the appellant, no search warrant was produced. The Ohio Supreme court held that it was reasonable that the conviction should be quashed or reversed. This is because the approaches or methods used by police officers to get the evidence were directed in a manner as to offend or insult a sense of justice but the court realized that the evidence had not been obtained from defendant’s person by application of offensive or brutal force against the defendant. In addition, the court asserted that even if the search were done in absence of legal authority or unreasonably by the police officers, it is not stopped from utilizing the unconstitutionally and unreasonably seized evidence at the trial (Clancy, 2008). The fourteenth amendment does not prohibit the use of evidence gathered by unreasonable search and seizure. Therefore, in this case the court held that there was probable and reasonable jurisdiction to try

Managing Information Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Managing Information Technology - Essay Example The sequential access files could either be in the form of line sequential organization or indexed sequential organization (Brown, DeHayes, Hoffer, Martin, Perkins, 2009). What is most important is how the records are accessed. If these are accessed in the form of the sequential format, the sequence is maintained nonetheless but if this is done through a direct approach, there is no fixed mechanism behind the same. The direct access files are the ones which come about in a random fashion and are easily understood within the search mechanisms. It is easy for the files to be found on the record because there is no order to this system which has been employed. Hence it becomes easier to access files in this fashion nonetheless. In the end, it is correct to state that both sequential access files and direct access files are significant towards the file organization

Personal statement, interview in your filed of interest Essay

Personal statement, interview in your filed of interest - Essay Example It reflects both the goals I have in life as well as what drives me in achieving them. I try to plan my life and set both the short-term and long-term goals in a way that will enable me to become each day better than I was yesterday, delimiting always some new horizons to be discovered. Knowing that my actions and my efforts were not in vain, but brought good and well-being to other people and society I live in is what fills the life with sense and brings inner satisfaction. Only by striving for more a person can expect to become versatile personality and knowledgeable professional. Following my credo, I know that any experience, either successful or not, is always good for a person, but it is essential to know how to make use of it and be ready to turn the past mistakes into the future gaining. My aim is not getting an access to material benefits as they are not the values I serve. However, I know that I possess all the skills and traits of character needed to reach heights in civil engineering. Finding and applying my own approach to challenges and seemingly desperate situations, I will be able to make a difference in this profession and prove that I am capable of much. The only indeed valuable award, in this regard, is seeing the outcomes of the completed work and to knowing that they will serve people good for ages. Subsequently, I believe that what I managed to achieve today will lay the ground for what I will gain tomorrow. The following confidence constantly encourages me to try even harder and applying even more efforts on the way to my

Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics Essay Example for Free

Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics Essay Abstract Along with the web 2.0 prevailing since the beginning of the 21st century, social media has become one of the most important tools for companies to develop the markets or public relations during this decade. Most companies around the world have a good sense of the importance of the social media. Companies use all the social media websites available to create more chances to meet more businesses online, or only to get a platform to show what they have such as products or services, even though the audiences only catch a glance of their companies’ profiles, they have already achieved their marketing purposes. Individuals are very obsessed in social media personally as well as businesses; they think social media is a great way to distinguish themselves from others or let the world get to know them. Introduction Through our survey, it is not hard to find that social media can impact businesses in some certain areas. In the U.S., with Facebook floating on the stock exchange at a mind boggling $104 billion, many naysayers predict an Internet bubble. However, there is no denying the power of social media and the impact that it can have on the business of marketing. Particularly, there are four aspects. Firstly, social media websites such as Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Pinterest represent a huge opportunity for businesses to grab the attention of customers while simultaneously building a brand image. There are plenty of tactics that businesses can employ to do this including the creation of brand profiles on social networks such as Facebook fan pages and creative advertising via branded podcasts and applications, also known as apps. Secondly, we know how important the word of mouth is in business. Social media platforms provide the perfect opportunity to take advantage of word of mouth and to see it spreading. Social media is growing at its fastest rate in developing countries. People are connected on a global scale and casually participate in each other’s lives through online observation. Something as simple as â€Å"Liking† a brand on Facebook can spread very quickly throughout the various social media channels. It is worth noting that individuals trust the opinions of their peers far more than a glossy magazine advert. Millions of people review products and services directly via social media sites using videos through YouTube, which in many cases are then shared and disseminated via various other social media websites. As a consequence, the public increasingly looks to social media to find reviews on various products and services to help them to make buying decisions. As a result, companies can and do provide products to popular Youtube users to review for their subscribers as well as create their own branded Youtube channels with branded videos about their products. (Social Media can impact business) Regarding communicating with customers, companies may see massive negative reviews about their products or services when they are expecting to use it as their advantage. By utilizing social media effectively, companies can reach out to dissatisfied customers directly, within their own social m edia environment, to find innovative ways of improving the product or service they have offered. When creating a social media marketing strategy, it is worth thinking very carefully about who is being targeted. There will be people within social networks who may not necessarily be customers, but who nevertheless can have a massive impact on marketing efforts. More than 80 % of that population is made up of â€Å"potential influencers†. It is worth making the effort to identify that these people are in the network and connect with them to attract shares and likes which ultimately help to spread brand name. One website which is excellent for identifying these people is Klout. Klout gives social networkers a score out of 100, which indicates how influential an individual is over their network while also identifying who the broadcasters and influencers are within that network. The purpose of the whole research process is to find out how companies use social media based on a stati stic view. Research Methodology There were 199 survey attendants given the questionnaires. The questionnaire was divided into 12 parts and each part had 3-13 questions. The questionnaires contained questions such as how companies use social media to provide customer services, marketing research, and improve the public relation with supplier or partners. We will use the information provided by the survey respondents to combine what we learned from statistics class, which included but not limited to probability from chapter 5, estimation and confidence intervals from chapter 9, one sample and two- sample test of hypothesis from chapter 10 and 11; simple linear regression and correlation which is from chapter 14, and Chi-square test. This research is based on the sets of data that were collected from Survey Monkey, collected by Survey Monkey Survey System. Survey Monkey is a company that provides platforms for those who need information for any legal purpose such as market research, education, and customer satisfaction. There are three steps to complete a survey. The surveyors usually design the surveys based on the purpose of their organizational behavior, and then they would distribute the survey to their targeted population such as customers or students; finally, they would use mathematic tools to analyze the data that was collected from the surveys. In this research paper I would like to represent some data graphs that we learned from the statistics class (Survey Monkey, 2013). First, we will show a pie chart of the gender information about the survey respondents. Table 1: What is your gender? The sample population of this survey consists of 103 (51.26%) participants who were male, while 78 (39.20%) participants were female, and 19 (9.55%) participants did not select their gender. (See table below) Among all the survey respondents, 24.12% of them were 18-24 years old, total 48 respondents; 51.76% were 25-34 years old, total 103 respondents, 6.53% were 35-44 years old, total 13 respondents, 6.53% were 45-54 years old, total 13 respondents also. Only 5 respondents (2.51%)are 55-64 years old, 0 (0%) respondents are 65-75 years old, and 17 (8.54%) participants didn’t answer this question. (See table below) Table 2: How old are you? Regarding the working experience, 39(19.6%) out of 199 respondents (100%) chose â€Å"less than 1 year†, 89 respondents (44.7%) chose â€Å"1-5 years†, 11 of them (5.5%) chose â€Å"5-10 years†, 23 respondents (11.6%) chose â€Å"more than 10 years†, and 23 respondents (11.6%) didn’t answer this question. (See Table 3 below) Table 3: How many years have you worked in company? Table 4: How dose your company use social media? Since gender, age and working experience are dependent variables that describe how company used social media. In table 4, there were 28(14%) of respondents use social media extremely likely, 31(15%) respondents use social media very likely, 61 (30%) used social media moderately likely, 39(19%) respondents used social medias slightly likely, 31(15%) participants did not use social media very likely, and 19(9%) respondents did not use social medina at all, and 24(12%) respondents chose â€Å"don’t know†. (See Table 4 below) Table5: Relationship between companies founded years and how long does company use social media? Base on this table we can tell that the relationship between the companies founded date and the year they began using social media. Normally, The Company began using social media for 1-2 years when the company founded 1-5years, the rate of possibility is 3/179; the company founded 5-10 years and they used social media for 2-4years, the rate of possibility is 4/179. ] The company uses 4-6years social media when the company founded 10-15years, the rate of possibility is 8/179; finally, the company used social media above 6 years when the company founded more than 20 years, the rate of possibility is 22/179. Data Result and Analysis Descriptive Statistic To help explain descriptive statistics, we will use the total number of How long has the companies begun using social media, and based on the description above, we will demonstrate that how likely is the companies going to adopt new social media applications in the next 12 months. (See table below) Descriptive statistics can include graphical summaries that show the spread of the data, and numerical summaries that either measures the central tendency (a typical data value) of a data set or that describes the spread of the data (Gerald, 2011). There are five different tests including â€Å"Hypothesis (one sample)†, â€Å"Hypothesis (two sample)†, â€Å"F-test†, â€Å"Regression†, and â€Å"ANOVA (multiple sample)† that we used in data result and analysis to illustrate the relationship among different data. I. Hypothesis (One Sample) Question background is permitting employees to use mobile applications to interact with customers. We hypothesize that respondents would largely use mobile applications of social media to interact with customers at 4 of 5 scales. In order to prove our hypothesis we use one sample hypothesis method. We hypothesize the null is at 4 scale of 5, and we use 95% as the confident level, so the alpha is 5%. Because we know the sample mean (S), so we choose the T test. To perform the test, please see Table 8 below. To conclude that because the P (T=t)= 0.00019813, and it less than 5%, so we should reject the null which means the employees use the mobile application such as social media to interact with customers is less than 4-scale. II. Hypothesis (Two Sample) Background question is how social media used for company awareness and PR purpose. In order to prove our hypothesis that two industries use social media at the same frequency we use two sample hypothesis methods. We hypothesize that the permitting employees to use mobile applications to interact with customers is equal to the employees who use the Internet tools. And we know the sample mean (S) so we also use the T test. To perform the test: (See Table below) Conclusion: Because the P (T=t)=2.08, and it larger than 0.05, so we choose the accept the null, which means the retail industry and business service industry used social media for PR purpose at the same frequency. III. F- Test Background question is to market and operate our business, our organization has done the following activities: 3.1. Permitting employees to use their creative ideas to facilitate business 3.2. Permitting employees to use Internet tools to interact with each other The F-test is designed to test if two population variances are equal; in order to prove our hypothesis we use two sample hypothesis methods as well. It does this by comparing the ratio of two variances. So, if the variances are equal, the ratio of the variances will be 1. We hypothesis the permitting that to market and operate our business, our organization has done the following activities, permitting employees to use their creative ideas to facilitate business. We use F-Test two-sample for variances firstly, and then we will use T-Test two-sample assuming equal variances to perform the test. (See Table 10 below) Permitting employees to use internet tools to interact with each other| Mean| 3.755102041| 3.888324873| Variance| 1.867922554| 1.579301771| Observations| 196| 197| df| 195| 196| F| 1.182752142| 　| P (F=f) one-tail| 0.120713955| 　| F Critical one-tail| 1.265936455| 　| Because the P- value equal to 0.120713955, so we use equal variance and t -test to test sample means. To perform the t-test, please see Table 11 below. Permitting employees to use internet tools to interact with each other| | Mean| 3.755102041| 3.888324873| Variance| 1.867922554| 1.579301771| Observations| 196| 197| Pooled Variance| 1.723243082| 　| Hypothesized Mean Difference| 0| 　| df| 391| 　| T Stat| -1.005935799| 　| P (T=t) one-tail| 0.157534284| 　| T Critical one-tail| 1.648760041| 　| P (T=t) two-tail| 0.315068568| 　| T Critical two-tail| 1.966049679| 　| Because the P (T=t)=0,155490816, and it larger than 0.05, so the conclusion is we choose to accept the null, which means the permitting employees to use mobile applications to interact with customers is equal the employees who use the Internet tools. IV. Regression Background questions are following: X:In what year was your company founded? Y1: How long has your company begun using social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Sina Weibo, QQ, etc.)? Y2: How many employees currently work for your organization? Regression and correlation is a method that we use to find the relationship between dependent variables (Ys) and independent variables (Xs). From Table 6 we can tell that the p-value of variable X which is â€Å"when the company was founded† is not significant means it is not related to Y1 of â€Å"How many employees currently work for your organization? †, and the p-value of variable Y2 of â€Å"How long has your company begun using social media† is not significant explains that it is related to â€Å"In what year was your company founded?† From the regression analysis table # 6, we can find out that 57.57% of the numbers of employees are explained by when the company was founded. From the regression analysis table # 7, we can find out that 36.1% of the social media uses for companies are expla ined by when the company was founded. Table 12: Table 13: To market and operate our business, our organization uses the Internet for the following activities: V. ANOVA analysis The background questions are below. 5.1. Permitting employees to use Internet tools to interact with customers 5.2. Permitting employees to use Internet tools to interact with each other From Table 14, the P-value for rows indicates three different activities are highly significant, which mean three activities have different means. P- value for column indicates that 200 different respondents are not significant which means 199 different respondents have practiced similar activities. (Table 14 below) Conclusion From this research, we conclude that generally, male uses social media more often than female, it is because male is still the mainstream of the business area; from the survey, we got to know that most of the social media users were very young and had a little working-experience. We surprisingly found out that most companies use social media moderately, to be specific, employees use mobile applications to interact with customers at 4-scale of 5 which means they did not use them extremely likely. We would expect they used them very often. One is within our expectation that the earlier the company founded, the longer period they use social media, most of companies used social media for long time though they did not use them very often which explains than people are willingly trying new technology, however, it takes time for them to form a habit. We also surveyed people to compare the frequency of smartphone application use and Internet use; we found out that people approximately use them half and half. From this result, we can conclude that there are lots of s martphone or tablet technologies grow very rapidly and people can complete their business process through cellphone instead of laptop or desktop that are much more cumbersome to carry. In a word, we can make precise decision process though both survey results and analysis results in the related business. Social media is a blessing technology, which we will rely more in our businesses and daily lives, we will find out more advantage of social media and prove it with data analysis and improve our life quality.